Different Types and Categories of Endangered Animals

Biologist Finds Beautiful Blue Gecko, Named The New Species 'Vangoghgi'

Cnemaspis vangoghi – Akshay Khandekar

In India's remote Western Ghats, a gorgeous blue and yellow gecko species has been named in honor of Vincent Van Gogh, whose painting Starry Night, was the first thing that entered Ishan Agarwal's mind when he saw it.

Found during one of many expeditions into these underdeveloped, underexplored mountains running parallel to India's western coastline, it enriches both the eyes and the scientific literature.

Belonging to the genus Cnemapsis, it is one of 2,300 members worldwide and over one hundred in India alone. Not so long ago, however, there were only a few dozen.

"We have incredibly diverse fauna, but we know little about it," Agarwal told Nat Geo of the Western Ghats, in which he has spent 12,400 hours exploring.

Cnemapsis vangoghi was found during one such exploration, after the flash of indigo and mustard yellow which caught Agarawl's eye.

It looked similar to another gecko of the same genus, C. Galaxia, but during lab work, his suspicions were confirmed that it was actually a new species. It and a second, closely related species, are described for the first time in a study published in the natural ZooKeys.

Found in the Srivilliputhur-Megamalai Tiger Reserve, Agarawl suspects that this gecko is receiving much greater protection than many of India's native reptiles because of its location under the 'umbrella' of the charismatic cat.

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Umbrella conservation strategies allow naturalists to advocate for the conservation of a single species whose needs of territory, prey species, and protection are largest, and ipso facto helps conserve dozens or even hundreds of other species that share that territory.

In this case, protecting tigers means protecting geckos.

GET A LOAD OF THIS GECKO: A Tiny Gecko is Enjoying a Big Recovery After International Collaboration has Nearly Doubled Their Numbers

Agarwal says that new techniques for studying DNA allow for much greater specificity in describing species, and that the genus Cnemapsis is "ridiculously diverse."

SHARE This Starry-Skinned Gecko And The Intrepid Scientist Who Discovered Him…

Geckos' Feet Inspire New High-tech Bandage

CAMBRIDGE, Massachusetts (CNN) -- Lizards with hairy feet are the inspiration for a new medical product that could help surgical patients heal better and might even replace sutures some day.

Geckos' remarkable feet are the inspiration for a new kind of bandage.

Scientists at Massachusetts Institute of Technology say they have created a new kind of surgical adhesive, formed in a shape that, at the microscopic level, mimics the feet of geckos.

Gecko feet are a worthy model to imitate, because the lizards are masters of adhesion -- the force that makes two substances stick together on contact.

"The gecko has the amazing ability to walk up walls and hang from a single foot," said Jeff Karp, a researcher at Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology. "They have hundreds of thousands of hairs on the surface of their feet and then on each one of those hairs they have these tiny nanopillars." Watch geckos' feet in action »

The nanopillars, one hundredth as thick as a human hair, provide an enormous amount of contact surface, and that leads to remarkably strong adhesion, Karp told CNN.

By copying that structure as a shape for their glue-coated polymer, the MIT scientists think they can build a material that will cling tightly to tissue.

It will be especially useful for applications inside the body, said Dr. Bob Langer, another researcher on the project, calling it "an internal Band-Aid."

"For example, it might be used in holding tissues together that normally couldn't be held together ... Say, in hernia repair," Langer said. It could also be used to prevent leaks in gastric bypass operations, Karp said.

The new product will be stretchy and will stay stuck even in wet places inside the body, according to the MIT researchers. It can be adapted to different applications and could incorporate antibiotics or other drugs, they said -- like a transdermal patch worn on the inside. It will dissolve inside the body over time, and the scientists can tweak the rate at which that happens, they said.

Karp said the new bandage material could be particularly useful in laparascopic procedures, where a surgeon operates through a very small incision.

"Our surgical collaborators think that this may even replace sutures one day," he said. "Sutures are very difficult to place within laparoscopic procedures. When working in very small spaces it's difficult to tie a knot."

There are medical glues currently in use, but they have some problems, Karp said.

"Although they provide very strong levels of adhesion, they are very difficult to work with. They have poor mechanical properties, they are very brittle, and they also induce a very strong inflammatory response," he said.

The MIT researchers said the gecko-inspired bandages could be in clinical trials within two to five years. E-mail to a friend

CNN's Ann Kellan contributed to this report.

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Since graduating with a degree in biology, Lisa Magloff has worked in many countries. Accordingly, she specializes in writing about science and travel and has written for publications as diverse as the "Snowmass Sun" and "Caterer Middle East." With numerous published books and newspaper and magazine articles to her credit, Magloff has an eclectic knowledge of everything from cooking to nuclear reactor maintenance.

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